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Caracol is the most important Ancient City
November 5, 2010
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Chichen Itza, maya civilization, mayas, mayan, aztecs, Mexico
Chichen Itza is considered the most important archaeological zone in the Maya region of the world. It is located 149 km from Cancun, the direction of Merida, it extends for about 2.5 km from north to south, and rose at the end of the classical period to the year 900 AD until the beginning of Post Classic in 1200. Rediscovered in 1842, is just the beginning of the century that the restoration of one of its recovery is one of the most important and valuable of the Mayan culture and basically humanity.
El Caracol or Observatory, built in the late classical period, had a camera that has allowed the observation of the vernal equinox. All this must have been fully used in the twentieth century before the arrival of the Itza, indicating the existence of important astronomical knowledge.
A significant number of pilgrimages to the city of Chichen Itza in the Maya region including Palenque, Cozumel, Izamal, there was at that time. These people left a lot of deals that have been discovered in the sacred cenote.
Later, around 1000, arriving Toltecs from central Mexico. They bring to the region the god of the "feathered serpent" known as Quetzalcoatl and referred to as Kukulcan by the Mayas. It is at this moment that the first great blend or mixture of races and cultures that occur between Mayas and Toltecs, creates a very important group that enriches enormously the religion, art and culture in the region.
Adoption of the Mayan language, this group is one of the most powerful of ancient Mexico. Through its highly developed knowledge of natural resources, astronomy, mathematics, painting, sculpture, writing and other human activities, the Maya flourished them in one of the most advanced civilizations of their time.
It is then that the next constructive phase corresponding to the flowering of the Mayan-Toltec performed, represented in the construction of the Great Pyramid of Kukulcan or El Castillo (The Castle), and all major buildings like the Temple of the Warriors The market, the platform of the Jaguars and Eagles and the Ball Game. This whole area is known as Chichen Itza or Toltec, which also includes former Sacred Cenote by means of a well-defined, large Sacbé (path) of El Castillo.
It is a temple dedicated to the Sun, the strong influence of the Toltecs, which was built over a temple in which a minor was a representative of a jaguar throne, on which rested a solar disk made of turquoise and obsidian. It is as if the Sun Temple was only based on the Jaguar.
This important architectural relationship signals a mixture of gods who do not lose their significance for the Maya-Toltec who live together in a form of colonization, it has never been attempted at any other time in human history. Chichen Itza is expanding its power throughout the Yucatan Peninsula to the year 1250, when, although there is a coherent theory, the city was abandoned to become a sanctuary for worship of the god Kukulcan, even long after the Spanish conquest.
In fact, today it remains a sacred place for many people seeking the influence of nature gods who live there. One of the biggest attractions is the observation of the equinoxes in March and 21st September 22. It is then that of a snake from El Castillo can be witnessed.
Similarly, the sound and light show held daily from 8:00 pm is a must for anyone visiting the area.The archeological site open daily from 8 am to 5:00 pm Admission is free on Sundays and are several tours that leave the big cities such as Cancun, Merida, Playa del Carmen and Chetumal or you can go directly with a rental car.
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May 13, 2010
Mayan civilization is one of America pre-Columbian civilization. The Mayan civilization of Central America as a civilization thousands of years in the southeast of Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala in an area extending ruled. Mexico’s southeastern five-state founded by Maya (Campeche, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Tabasco and Yucatán), the dates for hundreds polish have produced and polish some of today still spoken 21-44 Maya language formation has provided. BC this civilization 600 due to the rise in the past, Anno Domini 3. century to the golden age (the classical period, AD 250-900) was a step, the political turmoil of the city-state has collapsed as a result of MS 900, until the existence of a large area and at the end of Spanish occupation was in the process. , if the Mayan civilization ended in many ways, contrary to common belief, is not no Mayans still live in this country and some of the Mayan languages are spoken.
“Ancient Maya” s (Maya point compared to today’s descendants used phrase), astronomy, mathematics, architecture and art at such an advanced level of civilization in many areas, they are. Rabinal Achim, Popol-Vuh, the Mayan Chilam Balam in such works of literature depicting the life of this culture is. 1697 Spanish occupation of the capital of the Mayan Itza Tayasal’ın and the capital of Guatemala’s Mayan Ko’woj Zacpetén’in completed by taking the last Maya state of the capital in 1901 (Chan Santa Cruz) has disappeared with the invasion by Mexico.
It is divided into three regions of the yeast home: South of the “Upper Lands” ı south (or the middle) “The Lands” and the north of the “Lower Lands” ı. “Upper Land” in Guatemala and Chiapas territory includes a high-altitude level. The lands south of the above “Land” takes place just north of Mexico Petén’i (Campeche), Quintana Roo’yu, northern Guatemala, Belize and El Salvador covers. Norton’s “The Land” the Yucatan Peninsula and the rest covers Puuc expand hill.
Classic-month period from the extraordinary structures built and Nakbé, Mirador, San Bartolo, mercury, such as large cities have set up the Mayan classic period, they set up the famous city of some of Tikal, Quiriguá (both World Heritage List was taken) , Palenque, Copán, Río Azul, Calakmul, Ceibal, Cancuén, Machaquilá, Dos Pilas, Uaxactún, Altun Ha, Negras’tır Piedras. Religious center of Maya civilization in the most interesting monuments are the pyramids. The administrator of the palace, decorated with wall paintings and plaster houses of noble people among the interesting monuments are located. One of the interesting work in Maya, they operate with master stone sculpture, manager of the genealogy, military victories have been described, by Maya tetum (“tree-stones”), called monumental obelisks. Jade trade between the goods of yeast, cocoa, corn, salt, and obsidian stone can be considered. Yeast, such as front-Turks gave special importance to the jade stone.
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- Description of Words
- Maya Sites, Xel-Ha
- Becan Mayan Ruins In The southern area of Campeche, Mexico
- Muyil Mayan Ruins
April 18, 2010
1200 B.C.-250 A.D.
- Preclassic Small sedentary villages followed by development of monumentality and larger centers.
- ca. 600-900 B.C.
- Earliest known habitation at Caracol.
- ca. A.D. 70
- Structure A6-1st, “Temple of the Wooden Lintel,” constructed and consecrated; locus B34 burial; full Maya ritual complex present at Caracol.
- ca. A.D. 150
- Elaborate burial placed in Structure B34 locus.
- A.D. 250-900
- Classic “Peak” of Maya civilization; pyramids, tombs, inscriptions, widespread trade; by A.D. 800 Maya “collapse” is underway.
- A.D. 331
- Caracol Royal dynasty “officially” founded.
- ca. A.D. 480
- Unknown ruler’s tomb placed in Structure D16.
- A.D. 531
- Accession of Lord Water’s predecessor.
- A.D. 537
- Use of initial tomb in Structure B20-3rd.
- A.D. 553
- Accession of Caracol Ruler Lord Water.
- A.D. 556
- “Axe-Event” involving Tikal.
- A.D. 562
- “Star-War” defeat of Tikal by Caracol.
- A.D. 575
- Birth of Smoke Ahau.
- A.D. 577
- One of three tombs in Structure B20-2nd used.
- A.D. 577 or 582
- Front tomb in Structure A34 consecrated.
- A.D. 588
- Birth of Caracol Ruler Kan II.
- A.D. 599
- Accession of Caracol Lord Smoke Ahau.
- A.D. 614
- Tomb in Structure L3-2nd covered.
- A.D. 618
- Accession of Kan II.
- A.D. 626-636
- Naranjo wars; major expansion of Caracol follows.
- A.D. 634
- Woman’s tomb in Structure B19-2nd closed.
- A.D. 658
- Accession of Caracol Ruler Smoke Skull; Death of Kan II.
- A.D. 680
- Naranjo’s war of independence.
- A.D. 696
- Tomb in Structure A3-1st covered.
- A.D. 702
- Capture of Ixkun lord noted on Stela 21.
- A.D. 800
- Capture of 3 prisoners, including Ucanal lord, by Caracol Ruler Hok K’awil or his underlings.
- A.D. 859
- Last recorded date at Caracol on Stela 10.
- A.D. 900-1500
- Postclassic Most major sites located away from Classic Period centers, but near water. Sites are generally characterized by low-lying as opposed to monumental architecture.
- ca. A.D. 1050
- Last use of Caracol Structure A6; Caracol totally abandoned.
- A.D. 1500-present
- “Historic” Europeans arrive in the New World; most native Maya populations disseminated by disease; others disrupted by warfare and forced population movements. Native populations still comprise over 50% of Guatemala and Yucatan.
*Timeline revised from A. Chase and D. Chase 1996
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